Apparatus for charging liquids with gas



Patented Dec. 31, 1895.

EVIIAII/ V/J J l/l/I/l \X/ITNESEES:

ANDREW RGRANAM. PHUTO-UTNQWASHINGTQNRC.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PATRICK J. MAGUIRE, OF SALEM, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EDVARD J. STEWART,OF MILLIS, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR CHARGING LIQUIDS WITH GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 552,482, dated December31, 1895.

Application filed March 25, 1895.

Serial No. 543,018. (No model.)

This invention has for its object to provide a simple and efiectivemachine for charging a liquid with gas and for delivering the chargedliquid to bottles or other receptacles; and it consists in theimprovements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a machine or apparatus embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 represents a sectional view of the same, thesupportingstandard being broken away. Fig. 3 represents a side view of aportion of the apparatus from the side opposite that shown in Figs. 1and 2. Fig. 4 represents a section on line 4 4, Fig. 5. Fig. 5represents a perspective view of the mixer and its connections.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all thefigures.

In the drawings, a represents a cylinder hav ing an inlet-pipe b, whichreceives liquid from a liquid-supply pipe 0 and gas through a gassupplypipe (Z, the gas being under pressure.

e represents a piston which is reciprocated in the cylinder by suitablemeans, such as a crank-shaft e, j ournaled in bearings in thesupporting-standard f and a rod or pitman 6 connecting the crank-shaftwith a cross-head e to which the piston-rod is attached.

9 represents a by-pass connecting the ends of the cylinder and connectedat its upper end with a mixer in the upper portion of the cylinder. Saidmixer comprises an annular chamber h, communicatingwith the bypass g andprovided in its periphery with numerous small discharge outlets orperforations through which the liquid and gas enter the outlet end ofthe cylinder, and another annular chamber 19 connected with a gas-supplypipe 19 and separated from the chamber h by a wall 19 having numeroussmall perforations, Fig. 4:. Vhen the piston rises in the cylinder amixture of liquid and gas enters the lower portion through the inlet 1),filling the cylinderbelow the piston. \Vhen the piston descends themixture of liquid and gas accumulated below it is transferred throughthe by-pass g and mixer to the upper portion of the cylinder, thisresult being due to the direct pressure of the piston on the mixturebelow it and to the suction in the cylinder above the piston caused bythe downward movement of the latter. The liquid is minutely subdividedby passing through the perforations of the mixer and is thereforeintimately mixed and charged with theaccompanying gas. hen the pistonnext rises the accumulation of gas and liquid, or, more properly, thegas-charged liquid, above the piston is, forced through an outlet-pipe 1extending from the top of the cylinder, it being prevented fromreturning through the by-pass g by a check-valve g therein, theoutlet-pipe 1' having a check-valve 1' which prevents the return of gasand liquid to the cylinder'when the piston is descending.

The pipe 19 communicating with the chamber p of the mixer extends to theinterior of a reservoir fi'which receives the gas-charged liquid, ashereinafter described. A portion of the gas in the reservoir j entersthe chamberp through said pipe and passes in numerous small streams intothe liquid in the chamber h. The said gas acts to charge and subdividethe liquid within the mixer before it is additionally subdivided andcharged by its passage through the orifices of the mixer, as abovedescribed.

It will be seen that the perforated wall 19 constitutes a considerablepart of the inner surface of the chamber h. Hence the liquid enteringsaid chamber is disposed so that the gas from the chamber pis uniformlydiffused through said liquid.

The pipe 10 is provided with a check-valve 19 which prevents an outwardflow of gas and liquid from the cylinder through said pipe.

The outlet-pipe i communicates with the up per portion of a casing j,which is vertically arranged and is subdivided by a partition 7' intotwo chambers j 7' the former being a primary reservoir and the latter asecondary reservoir. The partition 7' has a stand-pipe 7c, communicatingwith the lower chamber 7' and a casing 713' inclosing said stand-pipeand closed at its upper end, said casing having openings k k below theupper end of the stand-pipe. The charged liquid entering the chamber jis further subdivided by passing through a perforated plate or strainerm and is further charged with the gas which accumulates in the saidchamber. The charged liquid is transferred, as hereinafter described, tothe chamberj which is the reservoir from which the liquid is drawn intobottles, said chamber having at its lower end a nozzle 9, adapted todeliver the charged liquid to a bottle or other receptacle.

The supply of liquid to the cylinder a is antomatically regulated bymeans of a cock oin the liquid-supply pipe 0, a float 0 in the secondaryreservoir, and suitable intermediate connections whereby the float inrising closes the cock and shuts off the supply of liquid from thecylinder and in falling opens the cock and admits liquid to thecylinder, said connections,as here shown,comprising a rockshaft 0 journaled in a packed bearing in the wall of the secondary reservoir,arms 0 o on said rock-shaft, and rods 0 0 connecting said armsrespectively to the float o and to the lever 0 on the cock 0.

The stand-pipe 7t and easin g 7t constitutea trap for controlling themovement of the liquid from the primary reservoir j to the secondaryreservoir by differences between the gaspressures in the two reservoirs.It is desirable to limit the accumulation of liquid in the secondaryreservoir j and prevent said reservoir from being filled with liquid, inorder that an accumulation of gas may be present in said reservoir toact, as described, in the mixer, and in order that the float 0 may befree to operate to close the liquid-supply pipe when the predeterminedquantity has been accumulated. It will be seen that the standpipe andeasing enable an excess of gas-pressure in the secondary reservoir overthat in the primary reservoir to prevent the flow of liquid into thesecondary reservoir, and that when the gas-pressure in the primaryreservoir exceeds that in the secondary reservoir the liquid is forcedthrough the trap until the gas accumulates in the secondary reservoirsufliciently to again prevent the downward flow.

A sufficient supply of liquid in the cylinder to lubricate the pistonwhen the liquid-supply pipe is closed by the float 0 is insured by thepipe 1), which extends downwardly into the lower portion of thereservoir j so that its lower end is submerged in the liquid when thelatter accumulates to any considerable extent, as when the operation ofbottling is temporarily suspended, so that when the piston descends itdraws or pumps a supply of liquid from the reservoir through the pipe,thus lubricating the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder. Thepipe 1) also enables all or nearly all the liquid that finds its way tothe reservoir j 2 to be returned to the cylinder by the describedpumping action of the piston, so that if a quantity ofimperfectly-charged liquid is present in the reservoir it may be chargedby returning it to the cylinder, the liquid-supply pipe 0 being shut oilby the action of the float 0, so that only gas is admitted at the inletof the cylinder.

It will be seen that the construction above described constitutes asimple and effective self-regulating or automatic liquid-chargingapparatus, having ample provisions for thor oughly charging the liquidand provided with means for storing the charged liquid without loss ofpressure and for stopping the charging operation before an excessivequantity can be accumulated. Hence no attention is required on the partof the operator to prevent an overaccumulation of the charged liquid,the provision for lubricating the cylinder enabling the piston tooperate continuously without detriment whether the charging operation isgoing on or not.

I claim-- 1. A liquid-charging apparatus comprising a cylinder having aninlet at one end and an outlet at the other end, a by-pass connectingsaid ends, and a mixer communicating with the by-pass in the outlet endof the cylinder.

2. A liquid-charging apparatus comprising a cylinder having an inlet atone end and an. outlet at the other end, a bypass connecting said ends,a mixer communicating with the bypass in the outlet end of the cylinder,a storage reservoir communicating with the outlet end of the cylinder,and a connection between the storage reservoir and the mixer whereby gasfrom the reservoir is admitted to the mixer.

3, Aliquid-charging apparatus comprising a cylinder having an inlet atone end and an outlet at the other end, means for mixing gas and liquidadmitted to the cylinder and for ejecting the mixture through theoutlet, a primary reservoir communicating with the outlet, and asecondary reservoir having a trapped pressure-controlled inletcommunicating with the primary reservoir.

4:. A liquid-chargin g apparatus comprising a cylinder having an inletat one end and an outlet at the other end, a bypass connecting said.ends, a liquid chamber within the cylinder communicating with theby-pass and pro vided with numerous small outlets or perforations, a g:s chamber communicating with the liquid chamber through numerous smalloutlets or perforations, a storage reservoir com.- municating with theoutlet end of the cylinder, and'a connect-ion between the storagereservoir and the gas chamber whereby gas from the reservoir is admittedto said gas chamber.

5. A liquid-charging apparatus comprising a cylinder having an inlet atone end, an outlet at the other end, means such as the piston, by-pass,and mixer for mixing gas and liquid admitted to the cylinder, areservoir commun ieating with the cylinder outlet, a float in the nameto this specification, in the presence of reservoir, a cook controlledby said float and two subscribing Witnesses, this 22d day of adapted tocontrol the admission of liquid to March, A. D. 1895.

the cylinder, and a gas or liquid returning PATRICK J. MAGUIRE. 5 pipeconnecting the reservoir with the cyl- WVitnesses:

inder. .A. D. HARRISON,

In testimony whereof I have signed my ROLLIN ABELL.

